Education as a Prerequisite for Social Exclusion/Inclusion

Елка Пиримова

doi:10.37075/RP.2025.1.03

Authors

Chief Assist. Prof. Dr Elka Pirimova Department of Political Economy, Faculty of General Economics, UNWE Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37075/RP.2025.1.03

Keywords:

Employment, Unemployment, Poverty and social exclusion/inclusion

E24, J21, O15

Abstract

The article analyzes certain aspects of the problem of poverty and social exclusion/resp. inclusion in Bulgaria. More specifically, the trends in the dynamics of unemployment and employment according to the level of education and the age of the workforce were examined. The author applies the methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of comparative and descriptive analysis. The results show that a limited and partial manifestation of positive trends was achieved during the period 2013 – 2023, which are insufficient to overcome the problem and improve Bulgaria's position within the EU.

References

Beleva, Iskra Spasova (2022). Digitalization and Its Impact on Employment: Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects. Economic Thought Journal, 269-300. URL: https://etj.iki.bas.bg/economic-developmentinnovation-technological-change-and-growth/2022/08/03/digitalizaciyata-ineynoto-otraenie-varhu-zaetostta-koliestveni-i-kaestveni-aspekti (accessed 17.01.2025)

European Commission (2017). European Pillar of Social Rights. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/BG/legal-content/glossary/europeanpillar-of-social-rights.html (accessed 17.01.2025)

Ilcheva, M. (2020). Social Inclusion and Social Security - Interconnections, Relations and Practices - Annual of NVU "Vasil Levski" for 2020. IK of NBU. URL: https://da.uni-vt.bg/pubinfo.aspx?p=29858 (accessed 15.01.2025)

Report on Bulgaria for 2024, accompanying the Council's recommendation on Bulgaria's economic, social, labor, structural, and budgetary policies. (2025). Ministry of Finance. URL: https://www.minfin.bg/bg/867 (accessed 17.01.2025)

Moraliyska, M. (2021). The European Pillar of Social Rights as a Tool for Social Convergence in the Union and Achieving Catch-up Economic Development of Bulgaria. IK - UNSS. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355350579_evropejskiat_stlb_na_socialnite_prava_kato_instrument_za_socialno_sblizavane_v_suza_i_postigane_na_dogonvaso_ikonomicesko_razvitie_na_blgaria (accessed 15.01.2025)

NSI (2024). Indicators of Poverty and Social Inclusion in 2023. NSI. URL: https://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/21296/прессъобщение/индикатори-за-бедност-и-социално-включване-през-2023-година (accessed 2024-12-21)

Results of Bulgarian Students' Participation in PISA 2022. (2023). Centre for Assessment in Pre-school and School Education. URL: https://www.copuo.bg/category/71/node/726 (accessed 19.01.2025)

Syarova, E. (2020). Impact of Innovations and Digitalization on the Workforce in Bulgaria. Fifth National Scientific Conference on Political Economy on the topic: "Political Economy and the Future of the World Economy".

Syarova, E. (2019). Changes and Trends in Employment of People with Higher Education in Bulgaria and the EU. Narodnostopanski arkhiv. URL: https://www2.uni-svishtov.bg/NSArhiv/title.asp?title=1454 (accessed 17.01.2025)

Eurostat (2025). Unemployment rates by sex, age and educational attainment level (%). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/LFSA_URGAED

Eurostat (2025). Inequality of income distribution. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/TESPM151

Eurostat (2025). Participation rate in informal learning by learning form and degree of urbanization. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/TRNG_AES_205

Eurostat (2025). Employment and activity by sex and age annual data. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/LFSI_EMP_A

Eurostat (2025). Young people neither in employment nor in education and training by sex, age and labour status (NEET rates). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/EDAT_LFSE_20

Eurostat (2025). People at risk of poverty or social exclusion. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2908/TIPSLC10

The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI). (2025). URL: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/desi (accessed 17.01.2025)