The Effect of Cognitive Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Vocabulary Retention in ESP and EGP Contexts

Gabriela Nedelkoska; Svetlana Dimitrova-Gyuzeleva

doi:10.37075/RP.2026.2.07

Authors

Assist. Prof. Dr Gabriela Nedelkoska FON University Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-4902
Assist. Prof. Dr Svetlana Dimitrova-Gyuzeleva New Bulgarian University Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5915-590X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37075/RP.2026.2.07

Keywords:

Cognitive vocabulary learning strategies (VLS), Vocabulary retention, Vocabulary acquisition, English for Specific Purposes (ESP), English for General Purposes (EGP)

I21

Abstract

Being at the core of second language proficiency, good knowledge of vocabulary is essential in both EGP and ESP contexts. This paper investigates the effectiveness of cognitive vocabulary learning strategies (VLS), focusing on their impact on vocabulary retention. Research data were collected from 296 learners of English as a second language through a vocabulary test measuring of their vocabulary size and a questionnaire eliciting self-reported VLS use, followed by a quasi-experiment assessing the effect of more conscious VLS application on learners’ language performance. Results indicate a statistically significant positive relationship between the use of cognitive strategies and vocabulary size. However, cognitive strategies were not associated with the highest levels of vocabulary achievement. The findings suggest that vocabulary retention is most effectively supported through a combination of cognitive processing and socially mediated learning practices.

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